CVE-2026-59251

{"id": "CVE-2026-59251", "cveTags": [], "metrics": {"ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2026-59251", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "yes"}, {"technicalImpact": "partial"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2026-07-27T18:31:50.981990Z"}}], "cvssMetricV31": [{"type": "Primary", "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "cvssData": {"scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 7.5, "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE"}, "impactScore": 3.6, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9}], "cvssMetricV40": [{"type": "Secondary", "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "cvssData": {"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "version": "4.0", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "baseScore": 8.7, "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "subAvailabilityImpact": "LOW", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED"}}]}, "affected": [{"source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "affectedData": [{"cpes": ["cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"], "repo": "https://github.com/erlang/otp", "vendor": "Erlang", "modules": ["pubkey_policy_tree"], "product": "OTP", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "changes": [{"at": "1.21.4", "status": "unaffected"}, {"at": "1.20.3.4", "status": "unaffected"}, {"at": "1.17.1.5", "status": "unaffected"}], "version": "1.15", "lessThan": "*", "versionType": "otp"}], "packageURL": "pkg:otp/public_key?repository_url=https:%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Ferlang%2Fotp&vcs_url=git%20https:%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Ferlang%2Fotp.git", "packageName": "public_key", "programFiles": ["src/pubkey_policy_tree.erl"], "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "programRoutines": [{"name": "pubkey_policy_tree:add_leaves/2"}, {"name": "pubkey_policy_tree:add_leaf_siblings/2"}]}, {"cpes": ["cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"], "repo": "https://github.com/erlang/otp", "vendor": "Erlang", "modules": ["pubkey_policy_tree"], "product": "OTP", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "changes": [{"at": "29.0.4", "status": "unaffected"}, {"at": "28.5.0.4", "status": "unaffected"}, {"at": "27.3.4.15", "status": "unaffected"}], "version": "26.2", "lessThan": "*", "versionType": "otp"}, {"status": "affected", "changes": [{"at": "f8580fc117098c08165f46c26fd0750c5cfb2a90", "status": "unaffected"}, {"at": "f04c6bba38de1cf1b1836a7d9a9fbe239bd939e8", "status": "unaffected"}], "version": "9d1dda7bad5a64b58c10a1554751689e94131a73", "lessThan": "*", "versionType": "git"}], "packageURL": "pkg:github/erlang/otp", "packageName": "erlang/otp", "programFiles": ["lib/public_key/src/pubkey_policy_tree.erl"], "collectionURL": "https://github.com", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "programRoutines": [{"name": "pubkey_policy_tree:add_leaves/2"}, {"name": "pubkey_policy_tree:add_leaf_siblings/2"}]}]}], "published": "2026-07-27T16:18:03.517", "references": [{"url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-59251.html", "tags": ["Patch", "Third Party Advisory"], "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"}, {"url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/f04c6bba38de1cf1b1836a7d9a9fbe239bd939e8", "tags": ["Patch"], "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"}, {"url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/f8580fc117098c08165f46c26fd0750c5cfb2a90", "tags": ["Patch"], "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"}, {"url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-622p-qfh6-c352", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"}, {"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-59251", "tags": ["Patch", "Third Party Advisory"], "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"}, {"url": "https://www.erlang.org/doc/system/versions.html#order-of-versions", "tags": ["Release Notes"], "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"}], "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"type": "Secondary", "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-770"}]}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Allocation of resources without limits in Erlang/OTP public_key certificate path validation allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to cause denial of service by sending a crafted X.509 certificate chain during the TLS handshake.\n\nDuring RFC 5280 policy processing in public_key:pkix_path_validation/3, the certificate policy tree maintained by pubkey_policy_tree grows without an upper bound. When a certificate chain contains M policies per certificate and K certificates, the tree grows on the order of M^K nodes because pubkey_policy_tree:add_leaves/2 and pubkey_policy_tree:add_leaf_siblings/2 extend the tree per policy per certificate. A modest chain with many policies per certificate is enough to pin BEAM schedulers and exhaust the node's memory, taking down the entire VM. The attacker only needs to be able to present a certificate chain to the victim, which is the normal precondition for a TLS handshake, so exploitation succeeds against any incoming or outgoing TLS connection that validates the peer's chain (the default for SSL/TLS clients and mutual-TLS servers).\n\nThis is the same vulnerability class as OpenSSL's X509_verify_cert policy tree DoS.\n\nThis vulnerability is associated with program files lib/public_key/src/pubkey_policy_tree.erl and program routines pubkey_policy_tree:add_leaves/2 and pubkey_policy_tree:add_leaf_siblings/2.\n\nThis issue affects OTP from OTP 26.2 before OTP\u00a029.0.4, OTP\u00a028.5.0.4 and OTP\u00a027.3.4.15, corresponding to public_key from 1.15 before 1.21.4, 1.20.3.4 and 1.17.1.5."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "Asignaci\u00f3n de recursos sin l\u00edmites en la validaci\u00f3n de ruta de certificado public_key de Erlang/OTP permite a un atacante remoto no autenticado causar denegaci\u00f3n de servicio enviando una cadena de certificados X.509 manipulada durante el handshake TLS.\n\nDurante el procesamiento de pol\u00edticas RFC 5280 en public_key:pkix_path_validation/3, el \u00e1rbol de pol\u00edticas de certificado mantenido por pubkey_policy_tree crece sin un l\u00edmite superior. Cuando una cadena de certificados contiene M pol\u00edticas por certificado y K certificados, el \u00e1rbol crece en el orden de M^K nodos porque pubkey_policy_tree:add_leaves/2 y pubkey_policy_tree:add_leaf_siblings/2 extienden el \u00e1rbol por pol\u00edtica por certificado. Una cadena modesta con muchas pol\u00edticas por certificado es suficiente para fijar los planificadores BEAM y agotar la memoria del nodo, derribando toda la VM. El atacante solo necesita poder presentar una cadena de certificados a la v\u00edctima, lo cual es la condici\u00f3n previa normal para un handshake TLS, por lo que la explotaci\u00f3n tiene \u00e9xito contra cualquier conexi\u00f3n TLS entrante o saliente que valida la cadena del par (el valor predeterminado para clientes SSL/TLS y servidores mutual-TLS).\n\nEsta es la misma clase de vulnerabilidad que el DoS del \u00e1rbol de pol\u00edticas X509_verify_cert de OpenSSL.\n\nEsta vulnerabilidad est\u00e1 asociada con los archivos de programa lib/public_key/src/pubkey_policy_tree.erl y las rutinas de programa pubkey_policy_tree:add_leaves/2 y pubkey_policy_tree:add_leaf_siblings/2.\n\nEste problema afecta a OTP desde OTP 26.2 antes de OTP 29.0.4, OTP 28.5.0.4 y OTP 27.3.4.15, correspondiente a public_key desde 1.15 antes de 1.21.4, 1.20.3.4 y 1.17.1.5."}], "lastModified": "2026-10-24T13:10:00.147", "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "matchCriteriaId": "066FEFFE-0F09-4E14-8E12-91C77C8AF3EE", "versionEndExcluding": "27.3.4.15", "versionStartIncluding": "26.2"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "matchCriteriaId": "E5A403B9-F8C0-42F9-9CDD-AE95FBBA58BC", "versionEndExcluding": "28.5.0.4", "versionStartIncluding": "28.0"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "matchCriteriaId": "4325E198-43FA-4DD1-99A5-66705CF21615", "versionEndExcluding": "29.0.4", "versionStartIncluding": "29.0"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/public_key:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "matchCriteriaId": "4A7632CA-8513-4465-BAFE-FD18F16B0845", "versionEndExcluding": "1.17.1.5", "versionStartIncluding": "1.15"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/public_key:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "matchCriteriaId": "13F15795-8FBC-49F6-BFB7-D8E8971392AF", "versionEndExcluding": "1.20.3.4", "versionStartIncluding": "1.18"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/public_key:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "matchCriteriaId": "00074E99-F2EA-4695-A47B-DA8E76652508", "versionEndExcluding": "1.21.4", "versionStartIncluding": "1.21"}], "operator": "OR"}]}], "sourceIdentifier": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"}