CVE-2026-40342

{"id": "CVE-2026-40342", "cveTags": [], "metrics": {"ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2026-40342", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "total"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2026-04-22T03:55:33.795186Z"}}], "cvssMetricV31": [{"type": "Secondary", "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "cvssData": {"scope": "CHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 9.9, "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"}, "impactScore": 6.0, "exploitabilityScore": 3.1}]}, "affected": [{"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "affectedData": [{"vendor": "FirebirdSQL", "product": "firebird", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "< 3.0.14"}, {"status": "affected", "version": ">= 4.0.0, < 4.0.7"}, {"status": "affected", "version": ">= 5.0.0, < 5.0.4"}]}]}], "published": "2026-04-17T20:16:35.930", "references": [{"url": "https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v3.0.14", "tags": ["Release Notes"], "source": "security-advisories@github.com"}, {"url": "https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v4.0.7", "tags": ["Release Notes"], "source": "security-advisories@github.com"}, {"url": "https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v5.0.4", "tags": ["Release Notes"], "source": "security-advisories@github.com"}, {"url": "https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/security/advisories/GHSA-7pxc-h3rv-r257", "tags": ["Exploit", "Vendor Advisory"], "source": "security-advisories@github.com"}], "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"type": "Secondary", "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-22"}, {"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-73"}, {"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-94"}, {"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-427"}]}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "Firebird es un sistema de gesti\u00f3n de base de datos relacional de c\u00f3digo abierto. En versiones anteriores a 5.0.4, 4.0.7 y 3.0.14, el cargador de plugin de motor externo concatena un nombre de motor proporcionado por el usuario en una ruta del sistema de archivos sin filtrar separadores de ruta o componentes .. Un usuario autenticado con privilegios CREATE FUNCTION puede usar un nombre de ENGINE manipulado para cargar una biblioteca compartida arbitraria desde cualquier lugar del sistema de archivos a trav\u00e9s de salto de ruta. El c\u00f3digo de inicializaci\u00f3n de la biblioteca se ejecuta inmediatamente durante la carga, antes de que Firebird valide el m\u00f3dulo, logrando la ejecuci\u00f3n de c\u00f3digo como la cuenta del sistema operativo del servidor. Este problema ha sido solucionado en las versiones 5.0.4, 4.0.7 y 3.0.14."}], "lastModified": "2026-10-26T22:10:00.163", "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:firebirdsql:firebird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "matchCriteriaId": "53D811A2-F880-46E9-9F7F-1CE3AC487F67", "versionEndExcluding": "3.0.14"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:firebirdsql:firebird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "matchCriteriaId": "A4BC24D2-FBF7-4308-9914-6079DBDF88FA", "versionEndExcluding": "4.0.7", "versionStartIncluding": "4.0.0"}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:firebirdsql:firebird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "vulnerable": true, "matchCriteriaId": "938978A3-90BE-4223-BDFC-5310A7C78D9B", "versionEndExcluding": "5.0.4", "versionStartIncluding": "5.0.0"}], "operator": "OR"}]}], "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com"}