CVE-2026-40342

Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.

CVSS v3 9.9 CRITICAL

9.9^/10

CVSS v3 : CRITICAL

Vector :

Exploitability : 3.1 / Impact : 6.0

Attack Vector NETWORK

Attack Complexity LOW

Privileges Required LOW

User Interaction NONE

Confidentiality Impact HIGH

Integrity Impact HIGH

Availability Impact HIGH

Scope CHANGED

References

Link	Resource
https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v3.0.14	Release Notes
https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v4.0.7	Release Notes
https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v5.0.4	Release Notes
https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/security/advisories/GHSA-7pxc-h3rv-r257	Exploit Vendor Advisory

Configurations

Configuration 1 (hide)

OR	cpe:2.3:a:firebirdsql:firebird::::::::
	cpe:2.3:a:firebirdsql:firebird::::::::
	cpe:2.3:a:firebirdsql:firebird::::::::

History

No history.

Information

Published : 2026-04-17 20:16

Updated : 2026-06-17 10:45

NVD link : CVE-2026-40342

Mitre link : CVE-2026-40342

CVE.ORG link : CVE-2026-40342

JSON object : View

Products Affected

firebirdsql

firebird

CWE

CWE-22

Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

CWE-73

External Control of File Name or Path

CWE-94

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

CWE-427

Uncontrolled Search Path Element

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