CVE-2025-14542

The vulnerability arises when a client fetches a tools’ JSON specification, known as a Manual, from a remote Manual Endpoint. While a provider may initially serve a benign manual (e.g., one defining an HTTP tool call), earning the clients’ trust, a malicious provider can later change the manual to exploit the client.

CVSS v3 7.5 HIGH

7.5^/10

CVSS v3 : HIGH

Vector :

Exploitability : 1.6 / Impact : 5.9

Attack Vector NETWORK

Attack Complexity HIGH

Privileges Required NONE

User Interaction REQUIRED

Confidentiality Impact HIGH

Integrity Impact HIGH

Availability Impact HIGH

Scope UNCHANGED

References

Link	Resource
https://github.com/universal-tool-calling-protocol/python-utcp/commit/2dc9c02df72cad3770c934959325ec344b441444
https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/python-utcp-untrusted-manual-command-execution-jfsa-2025-001648329/

Configurations

No configuration.

History

14 Oct 2026, 13:10

Type	Values Removed	Values Added
Summary		(es) La vulnerabilidad surge cuando un cliente obtiene una especificación JSON de herramientas, conocida como un Manual, desde un Manual Endpoint remoto. Si bien un proveedor puede servir inicialmente un manual benigno (por ejemplo, uno que defina una llamada a herramienta HTTP), ganándose la confianza de los clientes, un proveedor malicioso puede cambiar posteriormente el manual para explotar al cliente.

Information

Published : 2025-12-13 16:16

Updated : 2026-10-14 13:10

NVD link : CVE-2025-14542

Mitre link : CVE-2025-14542

CVE.ORG link : CVE-2025-14542

JSON object : View

Products Affected

No product.

CWE

CWE-501

Trust Boundary Violation

{"id": "CVE-2025-14542", "cveTags": [], "metrics": {"ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2025-14542", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"exploitation": "poc"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "total"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2025-12-13T22:54:03.708584Z"}}], "cvssMetricV31": [{"type": "Secondary", "source": "reefs@jfrog.com", "cvssData": {"scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 7.5, "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "attackComplexity": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"}, "impactScore": 5.9, "exploitabilityScore": 1.6}]}, "affected": [{"source": "reefs@jfrog.com", "affectedData": [{"versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "1.1.0", "versionType": "python"}], "packageName": "utcp", "collectionURL": "https://pypi.org/project/pip"}]}], "published": "2025-12-13T16:16:51.407", "references": [{"url": "https://github.com/universal-tool-calling-protocol/python-utcp/commit/2dc9c02df72cad3770c934959325ec344b441444", "source": "reefs@jfrog.com"}, {"url": "https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/python-utcp-untrusted-manual-command-execution-jfsa-2025-001648329/", "source": "reefs@jfrog.com"}], "vulnStatus": "Deferred", "weaknesses": [{"type": "Secondary", "source": "reefs@jfrog.com", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-501"}]}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "The vulnerability arises when a client fetches a tools\u2019 JSON specification, known as a Manual, from a remote Manual Endpoint. While a provider may initially serve a benign manual (e.g., one defining an HTTP tool call), earning the clients\u2019 trust, a malicious provider can later change the manual to exploit the client."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "La vulnerabilidad surge cuando un cliente obtiene una especificaci\u00f3n JSON de herramientas, conocida como un Manual, desde un Manual Endpoint remoto. Si bien un proveedor puede servir inicialmente un manual benigno (por ejemplo, uno que defina una llamada a herramienta HTTP), gan\u00e1ndose la confianza de los clientes, un proveedor malicioso puede cambiar posteriormente el manual para explotar al cliente."}], "lastModified": "2026-10-14T13:10:00.187", "sourceIdentifier": "reefs@jfrog.com"}